1912 United States House of Representatives elections (Years of Lead)

The 1912 United States House of Representatives elections were elections for the United States House of Representatives to elect members to serve in the 63rd United States Congress. They were held for the most part on November 5, 1912, while Maine and Vermont held theirs in September. They coincided with the election of President Woodrow Wilson.

Wilson's victory was partly due to the division of the opposition Republican Party into conservative and progressive factions. While many progressives stayed within the party framework, they maintained lukewarm relationships with Republican leadership. Others formed a third party known as the Progressives and several switched allegiance to the Democrats. A message of unity was portrayed by the Democrats, allowing this group to present themselves as above the bickering and corruption that had become associated with the Republican internal feud. Many of the new seats that were added after the prior census ended up in Democratic hands. In addition, William Kent, who had been elected to the House as a Republican in 1908, was elected to California's 1st congressional district as an Independent.

This was the first election after the congressional reapportionment based on the 1910 Census. The Apportionment Act of 1911 also guaranteed that Arizona and New Mexico would have one seat each after those states joined the union in early 1912. Under this reapportionment, the number of representatives was increased to 435, where it currently stands (the 435-seat cap was later made permanent after the passage of the Reapportionment Act of 1929, with the exception of 1959 when Alaska and Hawaii were admitted as states).

Election summaries
In reapportionment following the 1910 census, 41 new seats were added, bringing the House to its modern size. This would be the last time the size of the House changed, except for a temporary addition of two seats in 1959 after the admission of Alaska and Hawaii and subsequent return to 435 in 1963. In the reapportionment, 1 state lost 1 seat, 22 states had no change in apportionment, 16 states gained 1 seat each, 5 states gained 2 seats each, 2 states gained 3 seats, 1 state gained 4 seats, and 1 state gained 6 seats. Twelve states used at-large seats in addition to districts to elect new seats.


 * align=center colspan=15|[[File:1912 House of Rep. Diagram.svg]]
 * align=center colspan=15|[[File:1912 House of Rep. Diagram.svg]]

! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" colspan=2 rowspan=2 | Political party ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" rowspan=2 | Leader ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" colspan=6          | MOCs ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" colspan=3          | Votes ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | Contested ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | Total ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | Gained ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | Lost ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | Net ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | Of total (%) ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | Total ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | Of total (%) ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | Change (%) ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" colspan=3 | Total ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 435 ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 18,967,165 ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | ! style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * - style="text-align:center; background-color:#F2F2F2;"
 * - style="text-align:center; background-color:#F2F2F2;"
 * data-sort-value="Democratic Party (US)"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" | Champ Clark
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 431
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 291
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 71
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 10
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 61
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 66.90%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 8,210,137
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 43.29%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" data-sort-value="Republican Party (US)"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" | James Mann
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 370
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 134
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 17
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 46
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 29
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 30.80%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 7,377,514
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 38.90%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Progressive"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 208
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 8
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 8
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 8
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1.84%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1,761,545
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 9.29%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Socialist"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Socialist
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 335
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1,505,576
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 7.94%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Prohibition"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 209
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 279,036
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1.47%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Washington"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Washington
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 13
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 2
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 2
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 2
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.46%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 130,073
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.69%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Keystone"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Keystone
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 8
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 85,278
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.45%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Progressive Republican"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Progressive Republican
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 2
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 23,078
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.12%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value=""
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 25
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 12,670
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.07%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Bull Moose"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Bull Moose
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 2
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 10,460
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.06%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Socialist Labor"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 21
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 8,499
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.04%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Independence"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 9
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 7,470
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.04%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Roosevelt Progressive"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Roosevelt Progressive
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 5,891
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.03%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="National Progressive"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | National Progressive
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 2
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 5,714
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.03%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Taft for President"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Taft for President
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 2,269
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.01%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Industrialist"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Industrialist
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1,075
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.01%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Jefferson"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Jefferson
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 73
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.00%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Workingmen's"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Workingmen's
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 15
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.00%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * - class="unsortable" style="background-color:#F2F2F2
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 73
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.00%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * data-sort-value="Workingmen's"
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" scope="row" | Workingmen's
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa; text-align: left" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 1
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" |
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 15
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | 0.00%
 * style="border: 1px solid #aaa" | -
 * - class="unsortable" style="background-color:#F2F2F2
 * - class="unsortable" style="background-color:#F2F2F2
 * }





Early election dates
Two states, with 6 seats between them, held elections early in 1912:


 * September 3, 1912: Vermont
 * September 9, 1912: Maine

This was the last year that Vermont held early elections.