Timeline of privatizations in Constantinople (Queen of Cities)

Constantinople had traditionally been governed by parties with a more or less interventionist economic policy. During the Great Reforms, the Citizens' Front government nationalized crucial infrastructure and communications and had thus defined the Constantinopolitan economy as a being a mixed model with heavy state interventionism. In the aftermath of the return to democracy the leftist governments of Djemal Erkmen (1976-1984) nationalized large swaths of the economy in response to the multiple economic recessions of the 1970s and early 1980s.

The policy of nationalization had prevented the closure of dozens of factories at the price of a ballooning public debt. The election of the right-wing Costas Antoniou in 1984 was largely centered around his plan of deregulation, privatization, and tax cuts. As an adept of neoliberal economics, the Antoniou government would proceed to privatize many state-owned companies. Despite his exit from Constantinopolitan politics in 199X, the program of privatizations did not stop as the successive governments did not attempt to return to the pre-Antoniou order.

The transition from state interventionism towards laissez-faire capitalism would result in the deindustrialization of Constantinople and its turn towards the financial, banking, and IT sectors in the new 21st century.

Costas Antoniou (1984-1992)

 * Banking and Financial services
 * Crédit Industriel - 1985
 * Crédit Général de Constantinople - 1985
 * Crédit d'Investissement de Constantinople - 1986, the State retained 14% of shares
 * Fond d'Investissement Pétrolier - 1987, the State retained 22% of shares
 * Assurance Générale - 1988
 * Assurance Industrielle - 1989
 * Bourse de Constantinople - 1991


 * Energy
 * Gaz et Énergie de Constantinople (natural gas) - 1986
 * Pétrole de Constantinople - 1988
 * Société de l'Électricité - 1989


 * Infrastructure
 * La Régie Portuaire - 1990
 * Tigrane Nazaryan International Airport - 1991


 * Manufacturing
 * Société Générale Automobile/SGA - 1986
 * Dousmanis (shipbuilding) - 1986
 * Topal (machinery) - 1987
 * Société de l'Électronique - 1988
 * Ciment Constantinople (construction) - 1989
 * Chantiers du Bosphore (shipbuilding) - 1990


 * Mass media
 * Réseau TVC (television) is privatized in 1990
 * Radio-Télévison Constantinople/RTC (broadcasting) - 1992


 * State monopolies
 * Société du Tabac de Constantinople - 1987
 * Société des Alcools de Constantinople - 1988


 * Transportation industry and communications
 * Ferry Bosphore - in 1984
 * La Poste Métropolitaine - 1986, the State retained 25% of the shares
 * Télécommunications Constantinople - 1988
 * AirBosphore - 1990
 * Autocar Longue Distance (transport) - 1991

Thadée Nowakowski (1993-1994)

 * Constantinople Highway Authority - divided into concessions in 1993

Mehmet Emiroglu (1994-1996)

 * Bosporus Bridges Administration - went into private operation in 1995

Costas Antoniou (1996-1998)

 * Casinos de Constantinople (gambling) - 1997