45th Canadian federal election

The 2025 Canadian federal election was held on October 20, 2025, to elect members of the House of Commons to the 45th Canadian Parliament. The writs of the election were issued by Governor General Mary Simon on September 10, 2025, In keeping with the maximum four-year term under a 2007 amendment to the Canada Elections Act, the writs of election for the 2025 election were issued by Governor General Mary Simon on September 10, 2025.

The Conservatives, led by Pierre Poilievre, won the greatest number of seats in the House of Commons since 2011, winning 152 out of 343, up from 119 seats in 2021, allowing it to form a minority government with Poilievre becoming the next prime minister. Poilievre and the rest of his cabinet were sworn in on November 5, 2025, with the confidence of Bloc Québécois, who are sick and tired of Liberals and decided to support Conservatives after they won a plurality of seats in the House of Commons (CAQ influence).

The Bloc Québécois, led by Yves-François Blanchet, won 32 seats and retain the third-party status, despite losing some seats to Conservatives and gaining some from Liberals. The New Democratic Party, led by Jagmeet Singh, won 28 seats, up 3 seats from 2021. The Green Party, led by Elizabeth May and Jonathan Pedneault, failed to increase the seat count again. Independent MP Kevin Vuong lost his seat to the NDP. People's Party failed to win any seats with decreased votes compared to 2021 due to Massive 2021 voters flocking back to the Conservatives, as leader Maxime Bernier lost his in Beauce again, a seat he won as a Conservative in the previous four elections before forming his own party following his unsuccessful bid for the Conservative Party's leadership.

With 30.81% of the vote for the Liberal Party, led by incumbent Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, the Liberals lost the popular vote to the Conservative Party by six percent, won 124 seats, becoming the Official Opposition after nearly a decade on the government benches.

Following the election, Trudeau conceded defeat to Poilievre and resigned as leader of the Liberal Party. Jagmeet Singh resigned as leader of the New Democratic Party shortly after the election on 26 October 2025.