1805 United States Federal Election (Parliamentary U.S.)

The 1805 United States federal election was the seventh United States federal election for the United States House of Representatives. It was held from September 3rd to October 3rd, 1805 and resulted in the re-election of the incumbent Prime Minister, Thomas Jefferson, over the Federalist leader, Charles C. Pinckney, expanding the majority of the Democratic-Republicans in the House.

Following their landslide defeat in 1801, former Prime Minister John Adams resigned and a leadership election was held that resulted in Charles C. Pinckney of South Carolina barely winning the leadership on the twentieth ballot. Federalists hoped that Pinckney's veteran status from the Revolutionary War and his home-state being South Carolina would help peel voters away from Jefferson. However Jefferson remained widely popular due to the economy and the Louisiana Purchase which almost doubled the size of the United States.

In the end, the Federalists hopes that they could win voters from the Democratic-Republicans were swiftly defeated. Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans expanded their majority in the House, picking up 16 seats from the Federalists to give them dominating control over the House. The Democratic-Republicans also won a landslide in the popular vote, winning 60.1% of the vote to the Federalist's 39.9%, a 20.2% margin, making it the largest popular vote margin victory thus far in the nation's history. Democratic-Republicans made inroads into urban areas and traditionally Federalist leaning regions and would continue to dominate the Federalists for the next decade. Following the loss, Pinckney resigned and a leadership election was held resulting in Rufus King being elected the new leader of the Federalists.