1933 Constantinopolitan general election (Queen of Cities)

General elections were held in the Sovereign City of Constantinople to elect all members of the bicameral Parliament for its third term. Despite achieving better results than in the previous election, the Citizens' Front still fell short of a majority, forcing it to continue with the consensus-based model of government that had been in place since the beginning of the Sovereign City in 1925. Meanwhile, the ethnic parties lost ground while remaining in the position of kingmaker.

On December 18 the Third Directory was elected by the 300 members of the newly elected Parliament. As a result of the popularity of the Hellenic List, its leader Stavros Giannopoulos replaced Yusuf Cemal as Minister of Justice.

Electoral system
The two chambers were elected on a single ballot using two different electoral systems. The Chamber of Deputies was elected via proportional representation from a nationwide district. For the election of the Chamber of Nations, each of the five communities were reserved 20 seats that would be filled using a first-past-the-post system.

Context
The 1933 election was held in the midst of the Great Depression, an economic crisis that resulted in the reduction of foreign investment, thus leading to mass bankruptcies of factories and widespread poverty and unemployment. Despite this emergency, the parliamentary parties did not agree on an economic policies as they disagreed over the need of government intervention in the economy. The interventionist Citizens' Front thus ran on a platform of social reforms and government intervention in the economy, leading to an increase in popularity among the country's poorest citizens. Meanwhile, the ethnic parties argued for government funding of community programs (including religious hospitals and education), which pleased their traditionalist base while turning away the left-leaning electorate.

Aftermath
The growing dissatisfaction of the Citizens' Front and its supporters with the political gridlock and lack of reforms led to the passage of the d'Andria Law in 1935 that established first-past-the-post as the electoral system for the election of the Chamber of Deputies. The adoption of the law was widely described as undemocratic as it was overseen by the Constantinopolitan military, thus intimidating deputies and senators into voting in favor. The adoption of the law and the subsequent resignation of the representatives of the ethnic parties in the Directory marked the beginning of one-party rule for the Citizens' Front.