1809 United States Federal Elections (American Parliamentary Series)

The 1809 United States Federal Election started upon the resignation of Thomas Jefferson as Prime Minister. In the Democratic-Republican Leadership vote, Minister of the State James Madison won the vote and became the fourth Prime Minister of the United States. Following the election, Madison and the Democratic Republicans won. However, the rise of the newly formed Alliance party brought the overwhelming Democratic-Republican Majority government down to a minority government, as the Democratic-Republicans fell 2 seats short of a majority. The Federalist party, lead by Alexander Hamilton, retained their position as the opposition party, gaining 19 seats.

This election saw the rise of the Alliance party, created by former Federalists who left the party due to it's landslide defeat in 1805, and former Democratic-Republicans who were upset at Madison's leadership. Dewitt Clinton, a former Democratic Republican member of Parliament from New York, was the only Member of Parliament before the election and subsequently became the party leader. The party later won 24 more seats, finishing third. The alliance party was accused by the Federalist of spoiling the election to the Democratic Republibcans.